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Mathematics

Function notation and evaluating functions — ACT practice questions

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What this topic is

Function notation and evaluating functions centers on reading f(x) correctly: it names the output of the function f for the input x, not f multiplied by x.

Evaluating means substituting the input everywhere the variable appears, so if f(x) equals x squared plus one, then f of three equals ten. Composite functions such as f(g(x)) are worked from the inside out, finding g(x) first. Interpretation questions describe a real setting, where a statement such as C of five equals forty might mean that five tickets cost forty dollars.

Wrong answer choices on those questions often swap which quantity is the input and which is the output.

Sample questions

Pick an answer to see whether it is right — nothing is saved, and nothing needs an account.

Question 1Easier

A model rocket is launched vertically. Its height h(t) meters after t seconds is modeled by h(t)=−5t2+40t+12. What is the height, in meters, of the rocket 4 seconds after launch?

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Answer: B — 92

h(4)=−5(16)+40(4)+12=−80+160+12=92.

Question 2Easier

A battery laboratory uses p(n) for the performance index of a battery after charging cycle n. A technician records p(6)=53. Which of the following correctly interprets this record?

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Answer: A — After charging cycle 6, the performance index is 53.

In p(6) = 53, the input 6 is the charging-cycle number and the output 53 is the corresponding performance index.

Question 3Easier

Let q(x)=x2−4 and r(x)=2x+1. What is q(r(3))?

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Answer: C — 45

First, r(3)=2(3)+1=7. Then q(r(3))=q(7)=72−4=45.

Every question is picked for where you are right now, wrong answers come back until they stick, and it all works offline.

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