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Author's claims and arguments — ACT practice questions

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What this topic is

A claim is a statement the author wants readers to accept, and Author's claims and arguments questions ask what that claim is and how it is supported.

Stems may ask what a narrator or writer ultimately argues, which often appears near the end once the evidence has been laid out. Distinguishing the author's own position from views the author reports and then rejects is the central skill. Wrong ACT choices frequently state an opposing view mentioned in the passage, or exaggerate a measured claim into an absolute one, turning should sometimes into must always.

Tracking words like however, yet and in fact shows where the author's own voice takes over.

Sample questions

Pick an answer to see whether it is right — nothing is saved, and nothing needs an account.

Passage A

LITERARY NARRATIVE: Passage A and Passage B both address the topic of “Voices in the Booth.”

By the time I arrived at WNBR on Saturday
morning, the rain had blurred the
station’s painted call letters into gray
shadows on the window. I had volunteered
5
to digitize old recordings for the
neighborhood history project. I expected
to sit alone feeding tapes into a machine.
Instead, Ms. Alvarez handed me a clipboard
and pointed toward Studio B.
10
The lobby smelled of wet coats and old
coffee. Cardboard boxes labeled by decade
waited outside the archive room, where I
had meant to spend the morning.
“Your reader canceled,” she said. “You’re
15
on at ten.”
The script was a two-minute announcement
about a street-tree survey. I knew every
word on the page, but the microphone made
the words look oddly arranged. Through the
20
glass, Ms. Alvarez lifted one finger. I
began too quickly, stumbled over canopy,
and stopped. She did not switch off the
microphone. She waited.
In that pause I heard the station: rain
25
ticking against the vent, a chair rolling
in the office, the low fan beneath the
control board. None of it sounded
embarrassed. I started again, leaving room
after each sentence, as if the survey were
30
a favor I was asking of one neighbor
rather than a notice flung at a crowd.
This time Ms. Alvarez lowered her finger
only when I had finished. “Now it sounds
like you’re talking to one person,” she
35
said.
Afterward I returned to the archive room.
The oldest tape I digitized held an
interview with a grocer named Mr. Nwosu,
recorded decades earlier. He described
40
extending credit to families during a
factory strike, keeping a notebook of what
was owed so that no one had to argue about
bread in front of other customers. His
voice wavered, and a bus sighed outside
45
the studio, but those imperfections made
the recording feel inhabited. I could
picture the grocery’s narrow aisle and the
radio on the counter already tuned to this
station.
50
Listening, I understood why Ms. Alvarez
had not treated my stumble as a disaster.
A voice that never caught or never shared
the room around it might sound finished,
but it would not sound as if it had come
55
from a wet morning on Holt Street. My
announcement would vanish after the survey
ended; Mr. Nwosu’s story had waited years
for someone wearing headphones to meet
him. The two tasks no longer seemed
60
separate. Digitizing was not only storage,
and reading on the air was not only
performance; both were ways of handing a
local voice to a listener who might need
it. Before leaving, I asked Ms. Alvarez
65
whether I could read again next week.

Passage B

When we built WNBR’s first studio,
“soundproofing” meant two quilts nailed
over the bakery’s back window. Flour dust
settled on the record sleeves. Every time
5
the mixer warmed up, it released a smell
like hot pennies. We were proud of that
room because, for three hours every
Wednesday, it made our scattered
neighborhood audible to itself.
10
I hosted the evening bulletin. At first I
borrowed the polished voice of the
regional news announcer, flattening my
vowels and lowering my pitch. Then Mrs.
Beech called to say I had pronounced the
15
name of Juniper Lane as if I had never
walked there. She was right. I had been
trying to sound like someone whose voice
belonged on a larger station, not like a
neighbor who knew which houses sat on that
20
lane. The next week I spoke as I did
across her fence. Listeners began phoning
in: a missing terrier had returned; a
wallet was waiting at the pharmacy; the
high-school jazz band needed folding
25
chairs. The bulletin became less a
performance than a long conversation whose
participants rarely occupied the room
together.
One winter, a pipe burst above the studio.
30
Water ruined two turntables and curled our
paper records into stiff waves. We
broadcast from the front counter using a
borrowed cassette deck. The bakery bell
rang throughout the program. I apologized
35
each time until a listener called and told
me to stop. The bell, he said, let people
know exactly where we were.
That call changed our habits. We stopped
treating every unexpected sound as damage
40
and began asking whether it located the
program or obscured it. A delivery truck
drowning out a guest had to be managed;
the soft clink of cups during a recipe
exchange did not. The distinction was
45
never perfectly technical. It depended on
what listeners needed to hear and what
helped them recognize the life from which
the program came.
Years later, when the station moved into
50
its present building, an engineer showed
me the silent new booth. The door sealed
with a soft breath; no buses, bells, or
radiators intruded. I admired it, yet I
slipped the old bakery bell into a cabinet
55
there. I was not wishing for bad equipment
again. I wanted the young announcers to
know that clarity is not the same as
distance. Whenever a new volunteer asked
why a bakery bell lived in a soundproof
60
room, I told them the story of that winter
broadcast. A local voice earns trust not
by floating above a place, but by sounding
answerable to the people in it.

Question 1Easier

The narrator of Passage B ultimately claims that a trusted local voice should:

Show answer

Answer: A — sound connected and accountable to its community.

The final sentence states the narrator’s claim directly: trust comes from sounding answerable to people in a place.

Every question is picked for where you are right now, wrong answers come back until they stick, and it all works offline.

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